Cerebrovascular conditions

Aneurysms, vertebral stenosis, and intracranial stenosis are all types of cerebrovascular conditions, as are stroke and carotid stenosis.

Vessel constriction (stenosis), thrombosis, obstruction, or rupture of a blood vessel can all cause a reduction in blood flow (haemorrhage). In addition, a lack of blood supply to the brain (ischemia) can lead to a stroke.

Causes

There are no recognized causes of cerebrovascular anomalies. However, the following conditions can lead to cerebral stenosis or aneurysms:

• Diabetes
• Cholesterol levels are too high.
• Diabetic hypertension
• Obesity and lack of exercise
• Smoking

Symptoms

• A transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke typically isn’t the first sign of cerebrovascular stenosis. Trans ischemic attack or stroke symptoms may include the sudden onset of any or a combination of the following:
• Dizziness
• Nausea/vomiting
• Severe headache
• Insomnia, disorientation, difficulties understanding, and lapses in memory
• Arm or leg numbness or weakness
• Weakness or drooping of one side of the face
• Speech that is slurred or distorted
• Vision loss or inability to see
• Inability to walk due to a lack of coordination or balance

Diagnosis

The doctor will analyze your symptoms, risk factors, family and medical histories and do a physical exam to diagnose cerebrovascular illness. In most situations, the doctor will also prescribe imaging tests to evaluate the brain’s arteries and veins. This includes:

• Angiogram
• Ultrasound
• CT
• MRI
• EEG

Treatment

Treatment options for cerebrovascular illness may include lifestyle modifications, medication, careful monitoring, and surgery, depending on the kind and severity of the condition.